round19: Startseite aufgeraeumt, Favicon-Fallback ueber Ports, Favicon-Picker, Live-Status per Ping

apps/backend/Dockerfile

@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ ENV DATABASE_PATH=/data/launchpad.db
 ENV PORT=3001
 ENV HOST=0.0.0.0
 
+# iputils-ping stellt einen "echten" ping-Befehl mit ICMP-Unterstützung
+# bereit (nicht nur die BusyBox-Variante) - für den optionalen Live-Status-
+# Heartbeat (siehe src/liveStatus.ts, standardmäßig deaktiviert).
+RUN apk add --no-cache iputils-ping
+
 COPY --from=build /app/deploy/ ./
 COPY --from=build /app/apps/backend/dist ./dist
 COPY --from=build /app/packages/shared/dist ./node_modules/@launchpad/shared/dist

apps/backend/src/db/client.ts

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export function ensureSchema(): void {
       online INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
       source TEXT NOT NULL,
       last_scan TEXT,
+      last_ping TEXT,
       created_at TEXT NOT NULL,
       updated_at TEXT NOT NULL
     );
@@ -134,6 +135,7 @@ export function ensureSchema(): void {
   ensureColumn("services", "category_edited_manually", "INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0");
   ensureColumn("services", "last_suggested_display_name", "TEXT");
   ensureColumn("services", "last_suggested_category", "TEXT");
+  ensureColumn("devices", "last_ping", "TEXT");
 }
 
 function ensureColumn(table: string, column: string, definition: string): void {

apps/backend/src/db/repositories/devices.ts

@@ -20,9 +20,23 @@ function mapRow(row: typeof devices.$inferSelect): Device {
     online: row.online,
     source: row.source as Device["source"],
     lastScan: row.lastScan,
+    lastPing: row.lastPing,
   };
 }
 
+/**
+ * Aktualisiert NUR online-Status + lastPing (Zeitstempel des Live-Status-
+ * Checks) - bewusst getrennt von jedem "echten" Scan-Upsert. Wird
+ * ausschließlich vom optionalen Ping-Heartbeat genutzt (siehe
+ * liveStatus.ts), niemals von einem Scan-Endpunkt.
+ */
+export function updateDeviceOnlineStatus(id: string, online: boolean): void {
+  db.update(devices)
+    .set({ online, lastPing: nowIso() })
+    .where(eq(devices.id, id))
+    .run();
+}
+
 export function listDevices(): Device[] {
   return db.select().from(devices).all().map(mapRow);
 }

apps/backend/src/db/schema.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ export const devices = sqliteTable("devices", {
   online: integer("online", { mode: "boolean" }).notNull().default(false),
   source: text("source").notNull(), // fritzbox | dns | http | https | portscan | manual
   lastScan: text("last_scan"), // ISO-8601
+  // Zeitpunkt des letzten Ping-Live-Status-Checks (siehe liveStatus.ts) -
+  // bewusst getrennt von lastScan, das an echte Scan-Funde gebunden ist und
+  // die 7-Tage-"nicht mehr gemeldet"-Schwelle beim FritzBox-Scan speist. Ein
+  // Ping ändert daran nichts, ist nur ein Erreichbarkeits-Heartbeat.
+  lastPing: text("last_ping"), // ISO-8601
   createdAt: text("created_at").notNull(),
   updatedAt: text("updated_at").notNull(),
 });

apps/backend/src/index.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { settingsRoutes } from "./routes/settings.js";
 import { readLaterRoutes } from "./routes/readLater.js";
 import { faviconProxyRoutes } from "./routes/faviconProxy.js";
 import { loadPlugins } from "./plugins/loader.js";
+import { startLiveStatusHeartbeat } from "./liveStatus.js";
 import * as serviceRepo from "./db/repositories/services.js";
 import * as bookmarkRepo from "./db/repositories/bookmarks.js";
 import * as categoryRepo from "./db/repositories/categories.js";
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ async function main() {
   try {
     await app.listen({ port: PORT, host: HOST });
     app.log.info(`LaunchPad backend läuft auf http://${HOST}:${PORT}`);
+    startLiveStatusHeartbeat();
   } catch (err) {
     app.log.error(err);
     process.exit(1);

apps/backend/src/liveStatus.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import * as deviceRepo from "./db/repositories/devices.js";
+import * as settingsRepo from "./db/repositories/settings.js";
+import { pingHost } from "./scanner/ping.js";
+
+const CHECK_INTERVAL_MS = 60 * 1000;
+let lastRunAt = 0;
+let running = false;
+
+/**
+ * Optionaler Live-Status-Heartbeat: pingt (ICMP, siehe scanner/ping.ts) alle
+ * bekannten Geräte in konfigurierbarem Abstand an und aktualisiert NUR deren
+ * online-Feld + lastPing-Zeitstempel.
+ *
+ * Bewusst STRIKT getrennt vom "Scans laufen ausschließlich manuell"-Prinzip
+ * (siehe Scanner-Seite): hier werden NIE Dienste neu angelegt, NIE Namen/
+ * Kategorien vorgeschlagen, NIE etwas zur Bestätigung vorgelegt - einzig der
+ * Online-Punkt neben einem Gerät wird aktualisiert. Standardmäßig
+ * AUSGESCHALTET (liveStatusEnabled=false), muss in den Einstellungen bewusst
+ * aktiviert werden.
+ *
+ * Statt eines echten setInterval mit dynamischer Laufzeit wird jede Minute
+ * geprüft, ob genug Zeit seit dem letzten Lauf vergangen ist - so greift eine
+ * Änderung des Intervalls in den Einstellungen beim nächsten Tick sofort,
+ * ohne den Timer neu aufsetzen zu müssen.
+ */
+export function startLiveStatusHeartbeat(): void {
+  setInterval(async () => {
+    if (running) return; // vorheriger Lauf noch nicht fertig - überspringen statt zu stapeln
+
+    const settings = settingsRepo.listSettings();
+    if (settings.liveStatusEnabled !== "true") return;
+
+    const intervalMinutes = Number(settings.liveStatusIntervalMinutes ?? 5);
+    const intervalMs = Math.max(1, intervalMinutes) * 60 * 1000;
+    if (Date.now() - lastRunAt < intervalMs) return;
+
+    running = true;
+    lastRunAt = Date.now();
+    try {
+      const devices = deviceRepo.listDevices();
+      // Nacheinander statt Promise.all, um das Netzwerk (und ggf. langsame
+      // Router/IoT-Geräte) nicht mit vielen gleichzeitigen Pings zu fluten.
+      for (const device of devices) {
+        const online = await pingHost(device.ip);
+        deviceRepo.updateDeviceOnlineStatus(device.id, online);
+      }
+    } finally {
+      running = false;
+    }
+  }, CHECK_INTERVAL_MS);
+}

apps/backend/src/routes/settings.ts

@@ -8,12 +8,20 @@ export async function settingsRoutes(app: FastifyInstance): Promise<void> {
       recentVisitsLimit: Number(all.recentVisitsLimit ?? 5),
       readLaterLimit: Number(all.readLaterLimit ?? 5),
       staleDeviceThresholdDays: Number(all.staleDeviceThresholdDays ?? 7),
+      liveStatusEnabled: all.liveStatusEnabled === "true",
+      liveStatusIntervalMinutes: Number(all.liveStatusIntervalMinutes ?? 5),
     };
   });
 
   app.patch("/api/settings", async (request, reply) => {
     const body = request.body as
-      | { recentVisitsLimit?: number; readLaterLimit?: number; staleDeviceThresholdDays?: number }
+      | {
+          recentVisitsLimit?: number;
+          readLaterLimit?: number;
+          staleDeviceThresholdDays?: number;
+          liveStatusEnabled?: boolean;
+          liveStatusIntervalMinutes?: number;
+        }
       | undefined;
 
     if (body?.recentVisitsLimit !== undefined) {
@@ -40,11 +48,25 @@ export async function settingsRoutes(app: FastifyInstance): Promise<void> {
       settingsRepo.setSetting("staleDeviceThresholdDays", String(Math.round(value)));
     }
 
+    if (body?.liveStatusEnabled !== undefined) {
+      settingsRepo.setSetting("liveStatusEnabled", body.liveStatusEnabled ? "true" : "false");
+    }
+
+    if (body?.liveStatusIntervalMinutes !== undefined) {
+      const value = Number(body.liveStatusIntervalMinutes);
+      if (!Number.isFinite(value) || value < 1 || value > 1440) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: "liveStatusIntervalMinutes muss zwischen 1 und 1440 liegen" });
+      }
+      settingsRepo.setSetting("liveStatusIntervalMinutes", String(Math.round(value)));
+    }
+
     const all = settingsRepo.listSettings();
     return {
       recentVisitsLimit: Number(all.recentVisitsLimit ?? 5),
       readLaterLimit: Number(all.readLaterLimit ?? 5),
       staleDeviceThresholdDays: Number(all.staleDeviceThresholdDays ?? 7),
+      liveStatusEnabled: all.liveStatusEnabled === "true",
+      liveStatusIntervalMinutes: Number(all.liveStatusIntervalMinutes ?? 5),
     };
   });
 }

apps/backend/src/scanner/http.ts

@@ -77,9 +77,15 @@ function extractFaviconUrl(html: string, baseUrl: string): string | undefined {
     /<link[^>]+rel=["'](?:shortcut icon|icon)["'][^>]*href=["']([^"']+)["']/i
   );
   const href = match?.[1];
+  // Kein <link rel="icon"> im HTML gefunden -> hier NICHT mehr blind auf
+  // "/favicon.ico" raten (das täuscht ein bestätigtes Favicon vor, das oft
+  // gar nicht existiert - 404). Der Aufrufer (scanDeviceServices) entscheidet
+  // die Fallback-Reihenfolge: erst ein Favicon eines anderen Dienstes auf
+  // demselben Gerät übernehmen, erst danach selbst raten.
+  if (!href) return undefined;
 
   try {
-    return new URL(href ?? "/favicon.ico", baseUrl).toString();
+    return new URL(href, baseUrl).toString();
   } catch {
     return undefined;
   }

apps/backend/src/scanner/networkScanner.ts

@@ -136,5 +136,17 @@ export async function scanDeviceServices(
     });
   }
 
+  // Fallback-Reihenfolge für Dienste ohne bestätigtes Favicon (kein
+  // <link rel="icon"> im HTML gefunden): zuerst das Favicon eines ANDEREN
+  // Dienstes auf demselben Gerät übernehmen (typischerweise dieselbe
+  // Software/dasselbe Gerät, das Icon passt meist trotzdem) - erst wenn auch
+  // das fehlt, wird als letzter Ausweg "/favicon.ico" am eigenen Port
+  // geraten (kann ins Leere laufen, ist aber besser als gar kein Versuch).
+  const firstSiblingFavicon = found.find((s) => s.favicon)?.favicon;
+  for (const service of found) {
+    if (service.favicon) continue;
+    service.favicon = firstSiblingFavicon ?? `${service.url}/favicon.ico`;
+  }
+
   return { services: found, suggestedHostname };
 }

apps/backend/src/scanner/ping.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { exec } from "node:child_process";
+import { platform } from "node:os";
+
+/**
+ * Prüft per System-Ping (ICMP), ob eine IP erreichbar ist. Bewusst NICHT über
+ * einen Port-Connect (wie isPortOpen in ports.ts) - ein Gerät kann online
+ * sein, ohne einen der bekannten Ports offen zu haben (z. B. ein Drucker
+ * ohne Web-UI), ein echter Ping ist hier das treffendere Signal.
+ *
+ * Nutzt den System-ping-Befehl statt eines rohen ICMP-Sockets, da Node dafür
+ * root-Rechte bräuchte - für einen einzelnen Zwischencheck reicht das völlig.
+ * Timeout: 1 Sekunde, ein einzelnes Paket.
+ */
+export function pingHost(ip: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  const isWindows = platform() === "win32";
+  const command = isWindows ? `ping -n 1 -w 1000 ${ip}` : `ping -c 1 -W 1 ${ip}`;
+
+  return new Promise((resolve) => {
+    exec(command, { timeout: 2000 }, (error) => {
+      resolve(!error);
+    });
+  });
+}

apps/frontend/src/hooks/useSettings.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ export interface AppSettings {
   recentVisitsLimit: number;
   readLaterLimit: number;
   staleDeviceThresholdDays: number;
+  liveStatusEnabled: boolean;
+  liveStatusIntervalMinutes: number;
 }
 
 async function fetchSettings(): Promise<AppSettings> {

apps/frontend/src/routes/HomePage.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { useMutation, useQueryClient } from "@tanstack/react-query";
 import { Link } from "@tanstack/react-router";
 import { SearchInput, StatusBadge, ResultsList, FavoritesBar, Favicon, Button } from "@launchpad/ui";
 import { FontAwesomeIcon } from "@fortawesome/react-fontawesome";
-import { faGear, faSun, faMoon } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
+import { faGear, faSun, faMoon, faPlus } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
 import { rankServices, type SearchResult } from "@launchpad/shared";
 import { useServices } from "../hooks/useServices.js";
 import { useBookmarks } from "../hooks/useBookmarks.js";
@@ -54,12 +54,15 @@ async function saveReadLaterRequest(url: string) {
 
 function ReadLaterBox() {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
   const [url, setUrl] = useState("");
+  const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
   const mutation = useMutation({
     mutationFn: () => saveReadLaterRequest(url.trim()),
     onSuccess: () => {
       setUrl("");
+      setOpen(false);
       queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["read-later"] });
     },
   });
@@ -70,18 +73,42 @@ function ReadLaterBox() {
     mutation.mutate();
   }
 
+  if (!open) {
+    return (
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        onClick={() => {
+          setOpen(true);
+          setTimeout(() => inputRef.current?.focus(), 0);
+        }}
+        className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-xs text-black/40 transition-colors
+          hover:text-black/70 dark:text-white/40 dark:hover:text-white/70"
+      >
+        <FontAwesomeIcon icon={faPlus} className="text-[10px]" />
+        Link merken
+      </button>
+    );
+  }
+
   return (
-    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="flex gap-2">
+    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="flex w-full gap-2">
       <input
+        ref={inputRef}
         value={url}
         onChange={(e) => setUrl(e.target.value)}
+        onKeyDown={(e) => {
+          if (e.key === "Escape") {
+            setUrl("");
+            setOpen(false);
+          }
+        }}
         placeholder="Link zum Später-Lesen hier einfügen …"
-        className="flex-1 rounded-xl border border-black/10 bg-white/70 px-3 py-2 text-sm
+        className="flex-1 rounded-xl border border-black/10 bg-white/70 px-3 py-1.5 text-sm
-          text-black outline-none placeholder:text-black/30 focus:border-black/30
+          text-black outline-none placeholder:text-black/30 focus:border-indigo-400/60
           dark:border-white/10 dark:bg-white/5 dark:text-white dark:placeholder:text-white/30
-          dark:focus:border-white/30"
+          dark:focus:border-indigo-400/40"
       />
-      <Button type="submit" variant="secondary" disabled={mutation.isPending || !url.trim()}>
+      <Button type="submit" variant="secondary" size="sm" disabled={mutation.isPending || !url.trim()}>
         {mutation.isPending ? "…" : "Merken"}
       </Button>
     </form>
@@ -263,19 +290,19 @@ export function HomePage() {
       </div>
 
       {/* Nicht-scrollender Kopfbereich: Titel, Favoriten, Suchfeld, Später-lesen, Zuletzt besucht */}
-      <div className="flex shrink-0 flex-col items-center gap-6 px-6 pb-4 pt-8 sm:pt-12">
+      <div className="flex shrink-0 flex-col items-center gap-5 px-6 pb-4 pt-8 sm:pt-10">
-        <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-1.5 text-center">
+        <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-center">
-          <h1 className="text-2xl font-semibold tracking-tight text-black dark:text-white sm:text-3xl">
+          <h1 className="text-xl font-semibold tracking-tight text-black dark:text-white sm:text-2xl">
             LaunchPad
           </h1>
-          <p className="text-sm text-black/50 dark:text-white/50">
+          <p className="text-sm text-black/40 dark:text-white/40">
             Tippe, um deine Homelab-Dienste sofort zu öffnen.
           </p>
         </div>
 
         <div ref={searchContainerRef} className="w-full max-w-xl">
           {hasFavorites ? (
-            <div className="mb-5 flex flex-col gap-4">
+            <div className="mb-4 flex flex-col gap-3 divide-y divide-black/5 dark:divide-white/5">
               {favoriteServices.length > 0 ? (
                 <FavoritesBar
                   items={favoriteServices}
@@ -289,16 +316,18 @@ export function HomePage() {
                 />
               ) : null}
               {favoriteBookmarks.length > 0 ? (
-                <FavoritesBar
+                <div className={favoriteServices.length > 0 ? "pt-3" : ""}>
-                  items={favoriteBookmarks}
+                  <FavoritesBar
-                  label="Lesezeichen"
+                    items={favoriteBookmarks}
-                  categoryColors={categoryColors}
+                    label="Lesezeichen"
-                  onOpen={(item) => {
+                    categoryColors={categoryColors}
-                    const bookmark = favoriteBookmarks.find((b) => b.id === item.id);
+                    onOpen={(item) => {
-                    if (bookmark) openItem({ ...bookmark, kind: "bookmark" });
+                      const bookmark = favoriteBookmarks.find((b) => b.id === item.id);
-                  }}
+                      if (bookmark) openItem({ ...bookmark, kind: "bookmark" });
-                  onReorder={(ids) => reorderBookmarks.mutate(ids)}
+                    }}
-                />
+                    onReorder={(ids) => reorderBookmarks.mutate(ids)}
+                  />
+                </div>
               ) : null}
             </div>
           ) : null}
@@ -318,41 +347,58 @@ export function HomePage() {
           />
 
           {!isSearching || !resultsVisible ? (
-            <div className="mt-3 flex flex-col gap-3">
+            <div
-              <ReadLaterBox />
+              className="mt-4 divide-y divide-black/5 rounded-2xl border border-black/5
-
+                bg-black/[0.015] dark:divide-white/5 dark:border-white/5 dark:bg-white/[0.02]"
+            >
               {(() => {
                 const readLaterLimit = settings?.readLaterLimit ?? 5;
-                if (!readLaterItems || readLaterItems.length === 0 || readLaterLimit <= 0) return null;
+                const hasReadLaterChips =
+                  readLaterItems && readLaterItems.length > 0 && readLaterLimit > 0;
                 return (
-                  <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-center gap-2">
+                  <div className="flex flex-col gap-2 px-4 py-3">
-                    {readLaterItems.slice(0, readLaterLimit).map((item) => (
+                    <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
-                      <button
+                      <span className="text-xs font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-black/30 dark:text-white/30">
-                        key={item.id}
+                        Später lesen
-                        onClick={() => window.open(item.url, "_blank", "noopener,noreferrer")}
+                      </span>
-                        title={item.displayName}
+                      <ReadLaterBox />
-                        className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-black/10
+                    </div>
-                          bg-white/50 px-2.5 py-1 text-xs text-black/60 hover:bg-black/5
+                    {hasReadLaterChips ? (
-                          dark:border-white/10 dark:bg-white/5 dark:text-white/60 dark:hover:bg-white/10"
+                      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
-                      >
+                        {readLaterItems!.slice(0, readLaterLimit).map((item) => (
-                        <Favicon src={item.favicon} fallbackLetter={item.displayName} size="sm" />
+                          <button
-                        <span className="max-w-[8rem] truncate">{item.displayName}</span>
+                            key={item.id}
-                      </button>
+                            onClick={() => window.open(item.url, "_blank", "noopener,noreferrer")}
-                    ))}
+                            title={item.displayName}
+                            className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-black/10
+                              bg-white/60 px-2.5 py-1 text-xs text-black/60 transition-colors
+                              hover:bg-black/5 dark:border-white/10 dark:bg-white/5 dark:text-white/60
+                              dark:hover:bg-white/10"
+                          >
+                            <Favicon src={item.favicon} fallbackLetter={item.displayName} size="sm" />
+                            <span className="max-w-[8rem] truncate">{item.displayName}</span>
+                          </button>
+                        ))}
+                      </div>
+                    ) : null}
                   </div>
                 );
               })()}
 
               {recentVisits && recentVisits.length > 0 ? (
-                <FavoritesBar
+                <div className="px-4 py-3">
-                  items={recentVisits}
+                  <span className="mb-2 block text-xs font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-black/30 dark:text-white/30">
-                  label="Zuletzt besucht"
+                    Zuletzt besucht
-                  categoryColors={categoryColors}
+                  </span>
-                  onOpen={(item) => {
+                  <FavoritesBar
-                    const original = recentVisits.find((r) => r.id === item.id);
+                    items={recentVisits}
-                    if (original) openItem(original);
+                    categoryColors={categoryColors}
-                  }}
+                    onOpen={(item) => {
-                />
+                      const original = recentVisits.find((r) => r.id === item.id);
+                      if (original) openItem(original);
+                    }}
+                  />
+                </div>
               ) : null}
             </div>
           ) : null}

apps/frontend/src/routes/admin/BookmarksPage.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { Button, Favicon } from "@launchpad/ui";
 import type { Bookmark } from "@launchpad/shared";
 import { suggestBookmarkCategory } from "@launchpad/shared";
 import { useBookmarks } from "../../hooks/useBookmarks.js";
+import { useServices } from "../../hooks/useServices.js";
 import { useCategories } from "../../hooks/useCategories.js";
 import { AdminPageHeader } from "./AdminPageHeader.js";
 
@@ -205,6 +206,8 @@ const EDIT_FORM_COLSPAN = 7;
 
 function EditForm({ bookmark, onDone }: { bookmark: Bookmark; onDone: () => void }) {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+  const { data: allBookmarks } = useBookmarks();
+  const { data: allServices } = useServices();
   const [displayName, setDisplayName] = useState(bookmark.displayName);
   const [url, setUrl] = useState(bookmark.url);
   const [category, setCategory] = useState(bookmark.category ?? "");
@@ -213,8 +216,20 @@ function EditForm({ bookmark, onDone }: { bookmark: Bookmark; onDone: () => void
 
   const [favicon, setFavicon] = useState<string | null | undefined>(undefined);
   const [faviconError, setFaviconError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [pickerOpen, setPickerOpen] = useState(false);
   const FAVICON_MAX_BYTES = 300 * 1024;
 
+  const existingFavicons = useMemo(() => {
+    const seen = new Map<string, string>();
+    for (const b of allBookmarks ?? []) {
+      if (b.favicon && b.id !== bookmark.id && !seen.has(b.favicon)) seen.set(b.favicon, b.displayName);
+    }
+    for (const s of allServices ?? []) {
+      if (s.favicon && !seen.has(s.favicon)) seen.set(s.favicon, s.displayName);
+    }
+    return Array.from(seen.entries());
+  }, [allBookmarks, allServices, bookmark.id]);
+
   function handleFaviconFile(file: File | undefined) {
     setFaviconError(null);
     if (!file) return;
@@ -268,6 +283,16 @@ function EditForm({ bookmark, onDone }: { bookmark: Bookmark; onDone: () => void
                   onChange={(e) => handleFaviconFile(e.target.files?.[0])}
                 />
               </label>
+              {existingFavicons.length > 0 ? (
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  onClick={() => setPickerOpen((v) => !v)}
+                  className="rounded-lg border border-black/10 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-black/70
+                    hover:bg-black/5 dark:border-white/10 dark:text-white/70 dark:hover:bg-white/10"
+                >
+                  Vorhandenes wählen
+                </button>
+              ) : null}
               {faviconPreview ? (
                 <button
                   type="button"
@@ -279,6 +304,25 @@ function EditForm({ bookmark, onDone }: { bookmark: Bookmark; onDone: () => void
               ) : null}
             </div>
             {faviconError ? <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-red-500">{faviconError}</p> : null}
+            {pickerOpen ? (
+              <div className="mt-2 flex max-w-xs flex-wrap gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-black/10 p-2
+                dark:border-white/10">
+                {existingFavicons.map(([iconUrl, name]) => (
+                  <button
+                    key={iconUrl}
+                    type="button"
+                    title={name}
+                    onClick={() => {
+                      setFavicon(iconUrl);
+                      setPickerOpen(false);
+                    }}
+                    className="rounded p-0.5 hover:bg-black/5 dark:hover:bg-white/10"
+                  >
+                    <Favicon src={iconUrl} fallbackLetter={name} size="sm" />
+                  </button>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            ) : null}
           </div>
           <div>
             <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-black/50 dark:text-white/50">Name</label>

apps/frontend/src/routes/admin/ServicesPage.tsx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { useMutation, useQueryClient } from "@tanstack/react-query";
 import { Button, Favicon } from "@launchpad/ui";
 import type { Service } from "@launchpad/shared";
 import { useServices } from "../../hooks/useServices.js";
+import { useBookmarks } from "../../hooks/useBookmarks.js";
 import { useCategories } from "../../hooks/useCategories.js";
 import { useDevices } from "../../hooks/useDevices.js";
 import { AdminPageHeader } from "./AdminPageHeader.js";
@@ -110,6 +111,8 @@ const EDIT_FORM_COLSPAN = 12;
 
 function EditForm({ service, onDone }: { service: Service; onDone: () => void }) {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+  const { data: allServices } = useServices();
+  const { data: allBookmarks } = useBookmarks();
   const [displayName, setDisplayName] = useState(service.displayName);
   const [category, setCategory] = useState(service.category ?? "");
   const [alias, setAlias] = useState(service.alias.join(", "));
@@ -122,6 +125,22 @@ function EditForm({ service, onDone }: { service: Service; onDone: () => void })
   // string = neu hochgeladenes Favicon als data:-URL.
   const [favicon, setFavicon] = useState<string | null | undefined>(undefined);
   const [faviconError, setFaviconError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [pickerOpen, setPickerOpen] = useState(false);
+
+  // Bereits verwendete Favicons (Dienste + Lesezeichen), zur Auswahl im
+  // "Vorhandenes Favicon wählen"-Picker - z. B. wenn mehrere Dienste
+  // desselben Geräts eigentlich dasselbe Icon zeigen sollten, der Scan aber
+  // nur bei einem davon eins gefunden hat.
+  const existingFavicons = useMemo(() => {
+    const seen = new Map<string, string>(); // favicon-URL -> Anzeigename für Tooltip
+    for (const s of allServices ?? []) {
+      if (s.favicon && s.id !== service.id && !seen.has(s.favicon)) seen.set(s.favicon, s.displayName);
+    }
+    for (const b of allBookmarks ?? []) {
+      if (b.favicon && !seen.has(b.favicon)) seen.set(b.favicon, b.displayName);
+    }
+    return Array.from(seen.entries());
+  }, [allServices, allBookmarks, service.id]);
 
   const FAVICON_MAX_BYTES = 300 * 1024;
 
@@ -192,6 +211,16 @@ function EditForm({ service, onDone }: { service: Service; onDone: () => void })
                   onChange={(e) => handleFaviconFile(e.target.files?.[0])}
                 />
               </label>
+              {existingFavicons.length > 0 ? (
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  onClick={() => setPickerOpen((v) => !v)}
+                  className="rounded-lg border border-black/10 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-black/70
+                    hover:bg-black/5 dark:border-white/10 dark:text-white/70 dark:hover:bg-white/10"
+                >
+                  Vorhandenes wählen
+                </button>
+              ) : null}
               {faviconPreview ? (
                 <button
                   type="button"
@@ -203,6 +232,25 @@ function EditForm({ service, onDone }: { service: Service; onDone: () => void })
               ) : null}
             </div>
             {faviconError ? <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-red-500">{faviconError}</p> : null}
+            {pickerOpen ? (
+              <div className="mt-2 flex max-w-xs flex-wrap gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-black/10 p-2
+                dark:border-white/10">
+                {existingFavicons.map(([iconUrl, name]) => (
+                  <button
+                    key={iconUrl}
+                    type="button"
+                    title={name}
+                    onClick={() => {
+                      setFavicon(iconUrl);
+                      setPickerOpen(false);
+                    }}
+                    className="rounded p-0.5 hover:bg-black/5 dark:hover:bg-white/10"
+                  >
+                    <Favicon src={iconUrl} fallbackLetter={name} size="sm" />
+                  </button>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            ) : null}
           </div>
           <div>
             <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-black/50 dark:text-white/50">Name</label>

apps/frontend/src/routes/admin/SettingsPage.tsx

@@ -17,6 +17,44 @@ function InfoRow({ label, value }: { label: string; value: string }) {
   );
 }
 
+function LiveStatusToggle({ enabled }: { enabled: boolean }) {
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+
+  const mutation = useMutation({
+    mutationFn: async (next: boolean) => {
+      const res = await fetch("/api/settings", {
+        method: "PATCH",
+        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+        body: JSON.stringify({ liveStatusEnabled: next }),
+      });
+      if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Speichern fehlgeschlagen (HTTP ${res.status})`);
+      return res.json();
+    },
+    onSuccess: () => queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["settings"] }),
+  });
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex items-center justify-between py-1">
+      <span className="text-sm text-black/50 dark:text-white/50">Aktiviert</span>
+      <button
+        onClick={() => mutation.mutate(!enabled)}
+        disabled={mutation.isPending}
+        role="switch"
+        aria-checked={enabled}
+        className={`relative h-6 w-11 rounded-full transition-colors ${
+          enabled ? "bg-indigo-500" : "bg-black/15 dark:bg-white/15"
+        }`}
+      >
+        <span
+          className={`absolute top-0.5 h-5 w-5 rounded-full bg-white shadow transition-transform ${
+            enabled ? "translate-x-[22px]" : "translate-x-0.5"
+          }`}
+        />
+      </button>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 function LimitSetting({
   label,
   hint,
@@ -26,7 +64,7 @@ function LimitSetting({
 }: {
   label: string;
   hint: string;
-  settingKey: "recentVisitsLimit" | "readLaterLimit" | "staleDeviceThresholdDays";
+  settingKey: "recentVisitsLimit" | "readLaterLimit" | "staleDeviceThresholdDays" | "liveStatusIntervalMinutes";
   value: number | undefined;
   max?: number;
 }) {
@@ -338,6 +376,26 @@ export function SettingsPage() {
           />
         </div>
 
+        <div className="rounded-2xl border border-black/10 p-5 dark:border-white/10">
+          <h2 className="mb-1 font-medium text-black dark:text-white">Live-Status</h2>
+          <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-black/40 dark:text-white/40">
+            Prüft in regelmäßigem Abstand per Ping, ob ein Gerät erreichbar ist, und
+            aktualisiert nur dessen Online-Punkt. Legt nie neue Dienste an und schlägt nie
+            Namen/Kategorien vor – das bleibt weiterhin ausschließlich manuellen Scans
+            vorbehalten. Standardmäßig aus.
+          </p>
+          <LiveStatusToggle enabled={settings?.liveStatusEnabled ?? false} />
+          {settings?.liveStatusEnabled ? (
+            <LimitSetting
+              label="Prüfintervall (Minuten)"
+              hint="Wie oft alle Geräte angepingt werden."
+              settingKey="liveStatusIntervalMinutes"
+              value={settings?.liveStatusIntervalMinutes}
+              max={1440}
+            />
+          ) : null}
+        </div>
+
         <div className="rounded-2xl border border-black/10 p-5 dark:border-white/10">
           <h2 className="mb-2 font-medium text-black dark:text-white">HTTPS</h2>
           <p className="mb-3 text-sm text-black/50 dark:text-white/50">

packages/shared/src/index.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ export interface Device {
   online: boolean;
   source: DeviceSource;
   lastScan: string | null; // ISO-8601 Zeitstempel
+  /** Zeitpunkt des letzten Ping-Live-Status-Checks, falls aktiviert (siehe Einstellungen). */
+  lastPing: string | null;
 }
 
 export type DeviceSource = (typeof deviceSourceValues)[number];